Remove remaining base dependencies from base/numerics

All that was left was base/logging.h. And since this gets pulled in for
a lot of other projects, it's best to make it dependency clean.
It also necessitated several IWYU fixes for the missing header.

TBR=jam@chromium.org,
CQ_INCLUDE_TRYBOTS=master.tryserver.chromium.linux:linux_optional_gpu_tests_rel;master.tryserver.chromium.mac:mac_optional_gpu_tests_rel;master.tryserver.chromium.win:win_optional_gpu_tests_rel

Review-Url: https://codereview.chromium.org/2523663002
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#434057}
11 files changed